At the March 21 SA election, Labor claimed 34 of the 47 lower house seats, the Liberals five, One Nation four and independents four.
But it was the strong performance of One Nation that captured national attention, in what was seen as a litmus test of opinion polling showing growing support for Pauline Hanson's party.
Flinders University public policy lecturer Josh Sunman said the impact of One Nation would be blunted by the fact that state party leader Cory Bernardi - its only MP with previous parliamentary experience - would sit in the Upper House.
"Not one of them (in the Lower House) is a parliamentarian, and they all come from very different places," Mr Sunman said.
"It really does lend the question as to how long does it take for some of these members to go, 'this isn't so much for me, I'm just going to go out on my own' … which is a very real possibility."
Both houses of parliament will elect a presiding officer at Tuesday's first sitting.
Premier Peter Malinauskas' first order of business would be to pass legislation that addresses the ongoing fuel crisis, Mr Sunman said.
"He's wanting to be seen as doing something and acting quite quickly on it," he said.
The government would also be looking to distract from its big investment in SA's LIV Golf tournament, amid uncertainty over its future after withdrawal of backing for the tour by Saudi Arabia's sovereign wealth fund.
"This could really be a moment where the premier ends up with a bit of egg on his face after really touting this big event," Mr Sunman said.
The Liberal Party has been reduced to just five lower house seats, and it would be "interesting to see how effective they are in holding the government to account", Mr Sunman said.
"Or whether the new One Nation members just capture all the spectacle of the new parliament," he said.
Mr Malinauskas has ordered an independent review into the election after it was plagued by mishaps including recounts forced by multiple lost and misplaced ballot boxes.
Former Australian electoral commissioner Tom Rogers will lead the review, which will report by the end of the year.
"There will be a focus on whether any recommendations come out of that that are acted upon - the government has to be seen to be doing something on that," Mr Sunman said.
The controversy extended to the upper house results, which were not officially declared by the Electoral Commission until Monday, the day before parliament's return.
The 22-seat Upper House will consist of 10 Labor MLCs, six from the Liberals, three from One Nation, two Greens and independent Sarah Game.
