The three-day visit to Australia is the first by Anutin Charnvirakul since he became Thailand's prime minister in late 2025.
The two nations are widely expected to increase bilateral deals during talks on Wednesday that crack down on illegal Thai-based scam centres, which siphon millions of dollars from Australian pockets each year.
Thailand is a hotspot for grey money - illicit capital that crosses borders - and is an international hub for online scam work.
Vulnerable Thai locals are often imprisoned by criminal syndicates on the outskirts of Bangkok to run the centres.
The Australian Federal Police was involved in a 2025 investigation that led to the arrest of five Australians, as well as UK, Canadian and South African nationals, operating a scam Bangkok "boiler room".
On trade, a warm reception for Mr Charnvirakul would be key to ensuring Australia is seen as a welcoming country with which he could strengthen economic relations, Australian National University associate professor Greg Raymond said.
"This is a country wanting to diversify its trade. Australia is seen as a desirable partner that's not the United States and not China. It helps create other options for trade," he said.
Dr Raymond said that while Thailand was not a key priority for Australia, the visit came at an opportune time to strengthen the relationship.
Many Thai citizens had become sympathetic to Chinese messaging in recent years, though their government was keen to also prioritise regional counterparts.
Australia has substantial existing trade deals with Thailand, exporting about $1 billion of natural gas and more than $700 million in petroleum annually.
In return, Australia purchases roughly $6.5 billion worth of new cars from the nation each year.
But those deals are eclipsed by China, with which Thailand had a $US46.22 billion ($A65 billion) trade deficit in the first half of 2026.
The Southeast Asian nation is now in talks to lessen the deficit through increased self-sufficiency and reliance on alternative nations.
"(Mr Charnvirakul) has made the point that Thailand's really got great manufacturing and a good industrial sector. Australia has critical minerals and clean energy, so he's promoting some compatibility there," Dr Raymond said.
Mr Albanese and his counterpart are also expected to discuss the Mekong-Australia Partnership, which was launched in 2020 to promote economic growth in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.
Scholarships to Australian universities, gender equality programs and charity partnerships have been launched as a result.
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